As global cargo volumes grow—driven by e-commerce, lithium battery shipments, and higher-value goods—the spotlight on airfreight security has never been sharper. For Cathay Cargo, safety and regulatory compliance are not just priorities; they are strategic imperatives. From AI surveillance to CEIV certifications and cutting-edge cyber defence, the Hong Kong-based carrier is positioning itself as a leader in cargo security.

Lithium batteries and e-commerce

One of the greatest risks in air cargo today is the improper declaration and handling of lithium batteries, especially in e-commerce shipments. Cathay Cargo has implemented an Enhanced Lithium Battery Screening (ELBS) programme, first introduced at its terminal in 2023 and since rolled out to cargo agents’ Regulated Air Cargo Screening Facilities (RACSFs).

“Our AI-enabled X-ray machines are trained to identify misdeclared battery types,” Tom Owen, Director Cargo, said. “We’ve also deployed real-time surveillance systems that alert us to unattended shipments or unauthorised access points.”

Cathay’s Cargo Agent Operations Program (CAOP) is another key measure—aimed at standardising how e-commerce cargo is screened and processed across its network.

“We proactively share best practices and updates with screening facilities, ensuring alignment with the latest security intelligence,” he added.

AI on the ramp

In November 2024, Cathay Cargo Terminal became the first air cargo facility to integrate AI with its CCTV infrastructure. The system now monitors workplace safety and cargo zones for security risks such as missing protective gear, unsafe vehicle movements, and suspicious behaviour.

Developed in partnership with Intenseye, the solution issues real-time alerts, while plans are underway to expand into thermal imaging in 2025 to detect temperature anomalies linked to potential battery malfunctions or fire hazards.

“We’re in constant contact with authorities like the Australian Department of Home Affairs,” Owen explained, “especially around pre-loading policies such as Enhanced Border Requirements (EBR).”

Cathay is also preparing for the next leap in compliance innovation: integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) into import/export control. “It’s still in development, but we believe LLMs will play a vital role in screening documentation and flagging inconsistencies more accurately than traditional systems,” Owen said.

Fortifying the digital front

With more cargo processes moving online, cybersecurity has become a major pillar of Cathay Cargo’s strategy. The airline has deployed a Secure Access Service Edge (SASE) solution built on converged networking and threat monitoring systems.

“Cyber risk are not theoretical—it’s operational,” Owen said. “That’s why we’ve adopted a DevSecOps approach, identifying vulnerabilities early in the development process and fixing them before systems go live.”

The airline is also upgrading its cargo systems to check for incomplete or suspicious data submissions in close collaboration with its tech partner Global Logistic System (HK) Co., Ltd.

From secure cargo to high-value confidence

Security doesn’t stop at detection. Cathay’s Cathay Secure product line caters specifically to high-value shipments like pharmaceuticals, fine art, and luxury goods. Each shipment benefits from CCTV monitoring, trained handlers, and a custom security plan. One notable example: the safe delivery of cultural artefacts from Mainland China to the Hong Kong Palace Museum.

Cathay is also developing port-specific security profiles, based on real-time threat assessments, to introduce dynamic security measures where needed.

Looking ahead, Owen sees AI agentification and blockchain as two technologies poised to transform cargo security. “AI agents will not just flag threats—they’ll respond to them. And blockchain will give us the secure, shared data model needed for end-to-end cargo visibility.”

Cathay is already a key partner in the HKIA Cargo Data Platform, which uses blockchain to facilitate secure data exchange and enhance compliance.

Ultimately, for Cathay Cargo, technology is not a replacement for people—it’s an enhancement. “We’re still investing heavily in training,” Owen said. “From aircraft inspection to live animal handling, our staff are our strongest line of defence.”